Urabeños, Rastrojos, Paisas, Oficina de Envigado, El Loco Barrera, Mi Sangre, Sebastián… No es sencillo navegar entre los nombres de las organizaciones narcotraficantes y de los señalados de ser los capos que han quedado operando en Colombia luego de la desaparición de los grandes carteles de la droga.
Alias “Sebastián” es señalado como el jefe de la Oficina de Envigado.
Pero según el ministro de Defensa, Juan Carlos Pinzón, con la captura este miércoles de Erickson Vargas Cardona, alias “Sebastián”, ya prácticamente se puede borrar de la lista a la más antigua de las organizaciones criminales actualmente en operación.
“Es quizá el acta de defunción, de una vez por todas, a lo que conoció por años como la Oficina de Envigado”, dijo Pinzón en referencia a la captura de Vargas Cardona, acusado de narcotráfico, extorsión y desplazamiento forzado, entre otros cargos.
“Ésta es una captura muy importante por lo que este bandido significa, por lo que le ha hecho a este país, por lo que significa esta organización criminal narcotraficante”, dijo por su parte el presidente Juan Manuel Santos.
Cosas muy parecidas, sin embargo, se han dicho al anunciar la muerte o captura de muchos otros señalados de ser capos del narcotráfico, como ocurrió recientemente con alias “Diego Rastrojo”, capturado en Venezuela en junio pasado y acusado de ser uno de los dirigentes de la organización criminal de “Los rastrojos”.
Lo que obliga a preguntarse, ¿qué tan importantes es la Oficina de Envigado? ¿Y qué tan significativa es realmente la captura de “Sebastián?
“Multinacional del crimen”
Surgida como una red de sicarios al servicio de los diferentes integrantes del Cartel de Medellín, los orígenes de la Oficina de Envigado se remontan a los tiempos de Pablo Escobar.
A la muerte de éste en 1993 la Oficina se fortaleció y consolidó bajo el liderazgo de Diego Fernando Murillo, “Don Berna”, quien pasó a convertirse en el principal narcotraficante de la capital antioqueña, donde además controlaba otras actividades delictivas como asaltos, secuestros y extorsión.
“Don Berna” mantuvo el control de la Oficina de Envigado hasta su extradición a Estados Unidos, en 2008.
La importancia de la organización criminal llego a ser tal que el periodista colombiano Alfredo Serrano le dedicó un libro: “La multinacional del crimen: la tenebrosa Oficina de Envigado”.
Debilitada
La extradición de “Don Berna”, sin embargo, terminó fragmentando y debilitando muchísimo a la estructura criminal bajo su mando.
La Oficina mantuvo en Medellín su presencia dominante en actividades como microtráfico, extorsiones, juegos de azar y apuestas ilegales, además de algunas rutas internacionales para el tráfico de droga, pero varios de sus miembros terminaron formando otro grupo conocido como la banda de Los Paisas.
Y las pugnas internas, así como los duros golpes asestados en los últimos dos años por las autoridades, también le permitieron a otro grupo rival, Los Urabeños, extender significativamente sus tentáculos.
El peso de la organización liderada hasta este miércoles por “Sebastián”, por lo tanto, no puede compararse con el de la que “Don Berna” tenía a su cargo.
Y una eventual desarticulación de la Oficina de Envigado se hará sentir sobre todo en Medellín, donde la organización concentra sus actividades criminales.
No todos en esa ciudad, sin embargo, están convencidos de que la captura de “Sebastián” se traducirá en el fin de la Oficina de Envigado.
Y algunos temen por el impacto que pueda provocar en la criminalidad el vacío de poder que supone la captura del capo.
Después de todo, cuando este se disputaba el control de la Oficina de Envigado con Maximiliano Bonilla, “Valenciano”, capturado por las autoridades en noviembre del año pasado, la tasa de asesinatos en Medellín se disparó de forma alarmante.
Y ahora la disputa podría ser por la herencia de la Oficina de Envigado.
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